Study reveals quantum computers could crack RSA with 95% fewer qubits, accelerating industry's race to adopt quantum-safe security. According to research by Google quantum research scientist Craig Gidney and senior staff cryptography engineer Sophie Schmieg, a 2048-bit RSA encryption—a cornerstone of modern digital security—could theoretically be broken by a quantum computer. "Yesterday, we published a preprint demonstrating that 2048-bit RSA encryption could theoretically be broken by a quantum computer with 1 million noisy qubits running for one week. This is a 20-fold decrease in the number of qubits from our previous estimate, published in 2019," the researchers said in a blog post.
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